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¿Cómo aprenden los niños una lengua extranjera? How do children learn a foreing language?
5年前¡Hola! Do you have kids? Have you ever wondered why they should learn a foreign language or what's the best way to teach them? I got my Kindergarten teacher degree at the age of 23 and since then I have been taking many courses regarding this subject. I worked teaching ESL and ELE with children from 3 to 13 online and in classrooms, so I would like to share my experience with you.
Los niños emplean estrategias en el aprendizaje de la lengua (la imtación, la repetición, el habla telegráfica y la incorporación).
A medida en que incorporan significado, los niños siguen usando estas palabras con frecuencia repitiéndolas. Luego, los niños comienzan a combinar palabras aprendidas en esta forma, demostrando creatividad en la producción de habla telegráfica.
Para enseñar un idioma extranjero (en este caso el Español) los maestros deben apoyarse en material didáctico como: fichas (flashcards), afiches, murales que tengan que ver con el tema, juegos, etc.
Las canciones son también escenciales. Colaboran a desarrollar la inteligencia y la creatividad a traves de la imaginación. Seguir los ritmos de los movimientos y de la música, por ejemplo dando palmas o golpecitos en la mesa, fomenta el desarrollo lógico y matemático. También, las letras les ayudan en la memoria y la concentración para ampliar su vocabulario. Por otro lado, la música facilita el desarrollo social y afectivo, fomentando los sentimientos de seguridad emocional, confianza y autonomía.
¿Qué opinan ustedes?
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My 3 year old daughter is trilingual (Spanish; we live in Spain, Czech; her dad is Czech, and English; I (mum) am English. She is at a school with Dutch, Germans, Italians, Israelis, despite there being only 17 students! Our community is very multinational and multilingual and as such this is her norm. For her watching an animation in any language from Russian to Korean, Hindi and Arabic is comfortable too. She may not understand all the animations (yet) but she enjoys them and is not confused or frustrated by these new sounds. She is curious. She has no fear of languages and loves to practise repeating new languages, currently we are working together on speaking in French and German.
Linguistically speaking we are moving into exciting times where as more and more children grow up as third culture kids (TCK) where learning new languages is motivated by the sheer need to survive or/and to connect with people, we will truly see the human potential of language acquisition. Refugees are a great example of this. They are able to learn languages very quickly - even as adults, because the need to use the language motivates them, clearing all fear and mental blocks and beliefs that they can´t learn.
And so to conclude, the best way to teach kids languages, surround them with languages, help them to meet other children with other languages - this makes a very important conceptual connection for them, it gives them a real motivation and rational reason to speak that language. When they speak to another child, the communication creates immediate results too e.g. "let´s play!" and they play. "You want crisps?" and they share crisps. Language in life situations will amplify learning potential.
Beyond this, then make it FUN! ACTIVE! REWARDING! Kids are like adults after all ;)
Exactly!! Language comes so natural for them! I first started learning English when I was your daughter's age. Now, being a Spanish and a Kindergarten teacher myself, I have the opportunity to experience how children enjoy learning a foreign language. Sometimes adults are afraid of making mistakes when we talk, but children just dare!!! They just look at our expressions, repeat our words and follow our commands in order to play.
Anything is valid when it comes to have fun! That's why it's so important to offer interesting and dynamic lessons!
Thank you, Birdie for sharing your opinion and thank you for raising such an interesting child! Good luck!
カナダThank you for sharing your experiences, Birdie!
I am just starting on the journey of introducing a second language to my children. We live in western Canada, where most of the people we know only speak English. I am finding it quite difficult to create opportunities for them to learn from different language speakers because the area we live in is not especially diverse. I am hoping that I can support them in learning Spanish through formal lessons, videos, songs and books, although I am also just learning the language myself. I do wonder how much they will be able to pick up when they are not exposed to it outside of our home?
Check out social media for Hispanic expats in Canada. You may find they are really open to you connecting with them and socialising with them when you explain you are trying to teach your daughter Spanish. Holland is a perfect example of how screen time in original sound can produce an entire nation of nearly perfect English speakers! If you´re kids are going to watch movies and series, then use the opportunity! We have certain times like when we are brushing hair (my daughter has looooong hair) she can watch a cartoon, but the condition is it has to be in Czech, her least supported language). Play card games as a family that practice a new language. Usborne have a lot of great language learning games - when they see you learning too, it´s an added insentive. Make it a family project :) and of course the internet is full of songs and podcasts and audio books that you can listen to on the way to school. Don´t under estimate how much your kids are learning. They may not use Spanish much with you (after all you´re not Spanish) but they are learning!
