The differences between “的，得，地”
猛烈（ ）北风，胜利（ ）到达，惨痛（ ）教训
愤怒（ ）声讨，鲜艳（ ）红旗，勇敢（ ）战士
迅速（ ）前进，耐心（ ）说服，丰富（ ）经验
热烈（ ）庆祝，巨大（ ）变化，积极（ ）参加
分析（ ）透彻，服务（ ）周到，广泛（ ）阅读
描写（ ）生动，贯彻（ ）及时，毕生（ ）精力
观察（ ）仔细，感动（ ）流泪，仔细（ ）观察
Please fill in the correct phrases with"的,得,地"——
"What!"......When you see this topic,maybe many people will be confused,how do I know which one to use!
They are three structural auxiliary words used in high frequency in modern Chinese, all of which play a connecting role; they all have different pronunciations and usages in Mandarin, but when they are attached to words, phrases, sentences, or in front of sentences, they represent structural relations. They all read "De" when there is some additional meaning, there is no difference in pronunciation. By writing three different words in the written language, it is possible to distinguish the differences in their written usage and to make the written language precise.
Here are some tips for how to use them correctly:
1. The main difference is "的" is used with nouns.‘的’ is used after an adjective, before a noun to describe it. The pattern usually is : Adj.+的de+Noun
For example:
美丽的花儿měi lì de huār Beautiful Flowers
清澈的河水qīnɡ chè de hé shuǐ limpid river water
暖暖的风 nuǎn nuǎn de fēnɡ the warm wind
红红的太阳hónɡ hónɡ de tài yánɡ Red sun
Note1:when the attributive modifier is a monosyllabic adjective, ‘的’ is usually omitted.
For example:
蓝天 lán tiān Blue sky
白云bái yún white cloud
Note2:‘的’ is also a possessive particle in Chinese to indicate the owner of something, placed between nouns:
我的书wǒ de shū My book
你的衣服nǐ de yī fu Your cloths
Note3:Often when singing,especially traditional songs,the的de wil be pronounced “di”.
such as the famous song“月亮代表我的心”usually sing as :yuè liɑnɡ dài biǎo wǒ di xīn.
2. 地, is mainly used to modify a verb, like giving it the “ly” in English. The pattern usually is : Adj.+地de+Verb
For example:
专心地上课zhuān xīn de shànɡ kè attentively on class
大声地朗读dà shēnɡ de lǎnɡ dú Reading aloud
慢慢地升起màn man de shēng qǐ Rise up slowly
开心地唱歌kāi xīn de chànɡ ɡē Singing happily
Note: when a monosyllabic adjective is used as the adverbial modifier, ‘地’ is generally omitted.
For example:
慢走 màn zǒu Walk slowly
3. 得,Used after a verb, to indicate how an action works, or to show the degree of the action.The sentence pattern is: Verb / Adj. + 得de + Description.
For example:
跑得快pǎo de kuài The rabbit runs fast
长得慢zhǎnɡ de màn Big tree grows slowly
吃得好chī dé hǎo Time flies(fast)
睡得晚shuì de wǎn Sleep late
高兴得跳了起来 gāoxìng de tiào le qǐlái Jump with joy
Note:For separable verbs/VO compounds,you need to duplicate the main verb,If it’s a verb and no object,you don’t need to duplicate it.
For example:
我睡觉睡得晚wǒ shuì jiào shuì de wǎn/我睡得晚wǒ shuì de wǎn I sleep late.
他写字写得很好tā xiě zì xiě de hěn hǎo/他写得很好tā xiě de hěn hǎo He writes well.
BUT You CAN NOT say:我睡觉得晚wǒ shuì jiào de wǎn./他写字得很好tā xiě zì de hěn hǎo。
Hope this article could help you.If you have any doubts or if you want the answers of the exercises,please feel free to contact me on Verbling.:)
以上内容为Rosa(Danxia)Lu https://www.verbling.com/teachers/rosalu 编辑整理，如需转载请注明出处！
Other articles from this teacher,please click the links below:
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2,适合外国人学中文的十大中国综艺节目 10 Popular Chinese TV Shows to Help You Learn Chinese
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3,中国的热门经典电视剧（第2部分-古装剧类）China's popular classic TV series (Part 2 - Costume drama)
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2019年5月9日
